"Chiaroscuro" is another term for harsh lighting, an integral part of Film Noir and a technique used in paintings. Noirs use the "three point" lighting technique (even if they utilize more lights), the key light being the brightest, the fill light which is placed opposite of the fill light to fill in the shadows caused by the key light, and the back light which separates the subject from the background. The key and back light are the most prominent lights in film noir. Hard lights are used in film noir to give the harsh, contrasty look. Harsh lights can also be used in noirs, mostly for female characters. Other objects such as cookies or flags can be used to shape the shadows of lights (e.g. diecting lighting or giving the appearance of window shades).
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