One key suggestion he gives is to define your subject by utilizing the rule of thirds. You can use the rule of thirds by using the 4 intersecting points of the columns and rows to bring more attention to the main subject. For faces, it's good to have the top two points as the anchor. For a wider shot, you can also use the lower points. This also applies to vertical and horizontal subjects. If your subject is taller, it's better to line it up with the column lines, and if it's horizontal, it's better to line it up with the row lines. The second key suggestion he gives is to learn how to manipulate the aperture or ISO for exposure control. He suggests to use the in camera meter instead of the histogram. The exposure levels are determined by what your trying to shoot. If you're shooting someone with lighter skin, you can have it be overexposed by one stop. For darker skin, having it read at 0 should be okay. If you're shooting wider shots, you can use the metering mode and turn on the multi/matrix metering, which will calculate an exposure that fits the scene best. Lastly, he recommends you to find a position for your subject that will make them pop out of the background, or give them a "spotlight". You can do this by trying to find a contrast between them and the background, whether that be turning them directly to a light source or directly behind a light source, you should utilize your surroundings to find a way to make your subject stand out.
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